What is AI and the Companies Winning the AI Race

16 Jun What is AI and the Companies Winning the AI Race

What is AI?

AI, or Artificial Intelligence, is a technology that helps machines understand and learn things, kind of like how humans do. It’s like giving computers the ability to think and make decisions on their own.

Imagine you have a robot friend who can do all sorts of tasks. AI is what makes that robot smart. It can see and hear what’s happening around it, just like you do, and it uses that information to figure out what to do next. It can learn from its experiences and improve over time, just like you learn from your own experiences.

For example, let’s say you have a voice-controlled assistant, like Siri or Alexa. You can ask it questions, and it will try to give you the right answers. It uses AI to understand your words, look up information, and respond to you in a helpful way.

AI can also do things like recognise faces in photos, drive cars, translate languages, and even play games. It’s used in many different areas to make our lives easier and more efficient.

Think of AI as a really clever tool that helps machines become smarter and more helpful. It’s not quite as smart as humans yet, but it’s getting better all the time.

So which companies are winning the AI race?

In 2000 the world’s leading chipmaker Intel looked destined to become the first US$1 trillion chipmaker reaching a US$500 billion market capitalisation, while Nvidia was a (relatively) small company focused on providing hardware for the niche market of gaming. Fast-forward to Nvidia’s Q1 2023 earnings announcement, that Susquehanna Financial Group described as possibly “the greatest beat of all time”, Nvidia’s market capitalisation increased by US$184 billion in a single day on its way to becoming the first chipmaker and 7th US company to reach the US$1 trillion club.

Source: Bloomberg, as of 26 May 2023

Nvidia’s incredible growth story started with the realisation that their graphics processing units (GPUs), originally developed to improve the rendering of 3D computer games, had applications far beyond the original use case. In 2006 researchers at Stanford University discovered that the GPU’s parallel processing architecture made them ideal for computationally intensive deep learning models. Nvidia made their GPU’s programmable, and applications expanded to fields like autonomous driving and crypto mining. Today, Nvidia has about 95% of the GPU market share for machine learning.

The release of generative AI tool ChatGPT signalled a turning point in the comprehension of how powerful AI could be. For the first time, everyone has access to tangible evidence of the technology’s disruptive capabilities. More organisations are racing to understand how they can integrate AI into their business processes, such that they are not left behind. Nvidia now expects Q2 sales to increase by ~50% on the Q1 2023 figure. Jensen Huang, Nvidia CEO, attributed the massive increase in their order book to the upgrade of data centre infrastructure required to train and run generative AI models.

With all the AI excitement investors needs to be mindful that the current crop of perceived AI winners have enjoyed significant YTD stock price gains. However, generative AI has the capacity to increase total global GDP by 7% over a 10-year period according to Goldman Sachs Research⁴. Wealth creation of this magnitude coupled with the ‘winner takes all’ dynamic of disruptive technology, means such gains may well be justified. Notwithstanding that, in rapidly emerging technology sectors like AI, it can be difficult to pick individual company winners. As a result, we see three ways that investors can gain exposure using diversified portfolios of leading global companies.

US Mega-cap exposure to AI

Five US mega-cap companies, namely Apple, Microsoft, Amazon, Alphabet, and Meta, appear set to possess a significant portion of the infrastructure necessary for developing AI tools. Their extensive scale and dominant positions in related industries, such as cloud computing and big data, have resulted in smaller companies relying on their services to create AI applications. During their recent earnings calls, the management of each of these companies dedicated the time discussing the potential of AI, their plans to rapidly integrate it into their products, and the substantial investments they will be making to develop and operate AI models and applications.

Amazon CEO Andy Jassy emphasised that only a limited number of companies have the capacity and resources to invest in training large language models capable of emulating human intelligence, such as those powering Apple’s Siri, Amazon’s Alexa, and OpenAI’s Microsoft-affiliated ChatGPT. The cost associated with training these models are projected to reach $500 million by 2030⁵, driven by the need for more data and computing power to enhance their complexity. These companies will benefit not only from offering their own AI tools for direct utilisation but also from the dependence of specialised AI companies on their models and data for developing their own applications.

Implementation: The Nasdaq 100’s top 6 holdings Microsoft, Apple, Nvidia, Amazon, Meta, and Alphabet account for 40% of the index weight (as at 7 June 2023) with the added benefit of diversification amongst other leading technology companies benefitting from AI, like Tesla for automatic driving and chip maker Broadcom. Exposure to the broad-based index allows you be involved without neccessarily knowing which company will win it all.

‘Pure-play’ exposure to AI

While the mega-cap companies will offer infrastructure and their own range of services, specialised AI firms will have the opportunity to capitalise on various other aspects necessary for, and facilitated by, the industry’s growth. For example, opportunities exist for bespoke solutions for problems that cannot be solved by the one-size-fits-all mega-cap model like those provided by C3.AI, an enterprise AI application software company. C3.AI works with companies to provide solutions across areas like reliability, supply network optimisation, and customer engagement. By connecting databases across multiple platforms and countries within a business network and applying machine learning software, they can identify, retrieve, and present relevant timely data. C3.AI software is already utilised by major global organisations, including Shell, Bank of America, and the U.S. Air Force, enabling them to tackle previously unsolvable problems on a massive scale.

C3.AI Example Solution for Global Agribusiness

Source: C3.AI company website

‘Pure-play’ companies like C3.AI represent a second option for investment exposure to the AI industry. Pure-play companies are defined as those deriving more than 50% of their revenue from the relevant industry, in this case to the AI segment. In addition to software solutions like C3.AI, there are specialised AI infrastructure companies like Nvidia, AI robotics companies like Uipath, and others that focus on various segments of the AI industry. These companies play a crucial role in developing the underlying technology, hardware, and robotics systems that power AI applications, offering distinct investment opportunities in the AI ecosystem.

How AI is creating opportunities in adjacent sectors

Rapid advancements in AI will disrupt other industries posing threats but also providing opportunities. Cybersecurity is one industry we see as a potential opportunity for investors. Maya Horowitz, head of research at leading cybersecurity software company Check Point, had her team show the potential of AI to be used in every stage of a cyberattack, from crafting convincing phishing emails to writing malware and embedding it in documents. She believes the lowering barrier to creating cyber threats will lead to a greater number of and more sophisticated cyberattacks in turn leading to a rise in corporate cybersecurity budgets. According to Gartner, information security spending is expected to reach $187 billion in 2023 as companies invest in AI-augmented security tools to counter evolving cyberattack techniques⁶.

The reliance on outsourced cybersecurity services is also expected to grow as cybersecurity industry leaders incorporate AI into their software, something that is often too difficult to implement at a company level. Companies like CrowdStrike, a global cyber-security leader, have embraced AI with the introduction of Charlotte AI, a generative AI cybersecurity analyst. Charlotte AI aims to democratise security and enable users of the CrowdStrike Falcon platform, regardless of their skill level, to enhance their ability to detect, investigate, and respond to various security events, including advanced threat detection and remediation. By combining AI with human intelligence, CrowdStrike believes it can deliver unmatched security and business outcomes, highlighting the transformative potential of AI in the cybersecurity sector.

ETFs or exchange traded funds are a relatively cost efficient way to gain exposure to this investment idea however you should consult a financial adviser before making any investment decision to see if it is appropriate for your circumstances.

 Source: Bloomberg. You cannot invest directly in an index. Past performance is not indicator of future performance.

This article was originally produced by Tom Wickenden from BetaShares. You can read the full article here.

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